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Human Reproduction Update Advance Access originally published online on May 25, 2006
Human Reproduction Update 2006 12(5):537-555; doi:10.1093/humupd/dml022
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Ovarian follicle development and transgenic mouse models

K.R. Barnett, C. Schilling, C.R. Greenfeld, D. Tomic and J.A. Flaws1

Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 660 West Redwood Street, Howard Hall, Room 133, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. E-mail: jflaws{at}epi.umaryland.edu

Ovarian follicle development is a complex process that begins with the establishment of what is thought to be a finite pool of primordial follicles and culminates in either the atretic degradation of the follicle or the release of a mature oocyte for fertilization. This review highlights the many advances made in understanding these events using transgenic mouse models. Specifically, this review describes the ovarian phenotypes of mice with genetic mutations that affect ovarian differentiation, primordial follicle formation, follicular growth, atresia, ovulation and corpus luteum (CL) formation. In addition, this review describes the phenotypes of mice with mutations in a variety of genes, which affect the hormones that regulate folliculogenesis. Because studies using transgenic animals have revealed a variety of reproductive abnormalities that resemble many reproductive disorders in women, it is likely that studies using transgenic mouse models will impact our understanding of ovarian function and fertility in women.

Key words: follicle development / ovary / transgenic mouse models


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