Human Reproduction Update Advance Access originally published online on August 4, 2006
Human Reproduction Update 2006 12(6):673-683; doi:10.1093/humupd/dml036
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A meta-analysis of pregnancy outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
1 Department of Reproductive Medicine and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 2 Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, 4 Department of Obstetrics, 5 Department of Reproductive Medicine and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Utrecht and 6 Department of Reproductive Medicine and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
7 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Reproductive Medicine and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands. E-mail: c.m.boomsma{at}umcutrecht.nl.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive disorder associated with many characteristic features, including hyperandrogenaemia, insulin resistance and obesity which may have significant implications for pregnancy outcomes and long-term health of the woman. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the risk of pregnancy and neonatal complications in women with PCOS. Electronic databases were searched for the following MeSH headings: PCOS, hyperandrogenism, pregnancy outcome, pregnancy complications, diabetes mellitus, type II. A handsearch of human reproduction and fertility and sterility was also conducted. Studies in which pregnancy outcomes in women with PCOS were compared with controls were considered for inclusion in this meta-analysis. Fifteen of 525 identified studies were included, involving 720 women presenting with PCOS and 4505 controls. Women with PCOS demonstrated a significantly higher risk of developing gestational diabetes [odds ratio (OR) 2.94; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.70–5.08], pregnancy-induced hypertension (OR 3.67; 95% CI: 1.98–6.81), pre-eclampsia (OR 3.47; 95% CI: 1.95–6.17) and preterm birth (OR 1.75; 95% CI: 1.16–2.62). Their babies had a significantly higher risk of admission to a neonatal intensive care unit (OR 2.31; 95% CI: 1.25–4.26) and a higher perinatal mortality (OR 3.07; 95% CI: 1.03–9.21), unrelated to multiple births. In conclusion, women with PCOS are at increased risk of pregnancy and neonatal complications. Pre-pregnancy, antenatal and intrapartum care should be aimed at reducing these risks.
Key words: meta-analysis / neonatal outcome / PCOS / pregnancy outcome
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