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Human Reproduction Update Advance Access originally published online on August 2, 2005
Human Reproduction Update 2005 11(5):437-438; doi:10.1093/humupd/dmi026
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org

Editorial

The early days of IVF

Bart C. Fauser1 and Robert G. Edwards2

1 Department of Reproductive Medicine, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands and 2 Reproductive BioMedicine Online, Duck End Farm, Dry Drayton, Cambridge, UK

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{humupd026.f1}

Fertilizing mammalian eggs in vitro has a history dating back to the early 20th century. Analyses on rodent embryos in short-term culture opened new prospects of research on human embryos in vitro. This phase of research really opened in the 1930s as Pincus and colleagues, Enzmann and Saunders, initially liberated immature rabbit oocytes from their follicles into culture media and discovered how 12 h was needed for their maturation. They also studied human oocytes and drew similar conclusion on timings. This misled later investigators who inseminated the eggs after 12 h in culture and failed to achieve fertilization. Another input into this investigation began in the 1950s, as Edwards completed his PhD on developmental genetics in mice. His studies on oocyte maturation and fertilization in vitro relied on identifying diakinesis and metaphase-2 as major markers of ongoing oocyte maturation. Mouse and other rodent eggs each required ca. 12 h, . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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