Human Reproduction Update Advance Access originally published online on July 8, 2005
Human Reproduction Update 2005 11(5):513-525; doi:10.1093/humupd/dmi019
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Noncontraceptive health benefits of combined oral contraception
The ESHRE Capri Workshop Group** A meeting was organized by European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) in Capri, September 2, 2004, with financial support from Schering S.p.A. to discuss the above subjects. The speakers included D.T.Baird (Edinburgh), J.Collins (Hamilton), P.G.Crosignani (Milan), A.Glasier (Edinburgh), H.S.Jacobs (London), C.La Vecchia (Milan), I.Milsom (Gothemburg), B.Reid (Kingstone, Canada), A.Templeton (Aberdeen) and P.Vercellini (Milan). The discussants included G.Benagiano (Rome), G.C.Frigerio (Milan), G.Hoppe (Pointe-Claire, Canada), S.Liberatore (Milan), K.Schmidt-Gollwitzer (Berlin), S.O.Skouby (Copenhagen) and A.Volpe (Modena). The report was prepared by J.Collins (Hamilton) and P.G.Crosignani (Milan).
To whom correspondence should be addressed at: P.G.Crosignani, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Milano, Via Commenda 12, 20122 Milano, Italy. E-mail: piergiorgio.crosignani{at}unimi.it
Contraception is one of the keystones of reproductive health. The availability of effective contraception has helped to change dramatically the structure of the world’s population during the last 50 years, through a demographic transition involving lower fertility rates and longer survival. As the transition evolves more slowly in developing countries, different effects on population structures contribute to civil strains. Oral contraception (OC) is an extremely effective method of contraception that also confers health benefits beyond pregnancy prevention. Notable effects on the reproductive system include relief from troublesome symptoms associated with menstruation such as heavy periods, painful periods and irregular bleeding. Many women also have improvement in acne and hirsutism. Moreover, OCs may be used to treat menorrhagia or symptomatic endometriosis. Use of OCs is associated with a long lasting reduction in the risk of developing cancer of the ovary and the endometrium. The effects on benign breast disease (BBD), bone health and colon cancer are less clear and merit further investigation.
Key words: oral contraception/dysmenorrhea/menorrhagia/acne/hirsutism/ovarian / endometrial and colon cancers
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