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Human Reproduction Update Advance Access originally published online on October 27, 2006
Human Reproduction Update 2007 13(2):143-162; doi:10.1093/humupd/dml002
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Endocrine signaling in ovarian surface epithelium and cancer

Peter C.K. Leung1 and Jung-Hye Choi

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, 2H-30, 4490 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6H 3V5. E-mail: peleung{at}interchange.ubc.ca


  Abstract

Ovarian cancer is the sixth most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death among women in developed countries. Greater than 85% of human ovarian cancer arises within the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE), with the remainder derived from granulosa cells or, rarely, stroma or germ cells. The pathophysiology of ovarian cancer is the least understood among all major human malignancies because of a poor understanding of the aetiological factors and mechanisms of ovarian cancer progression. There is increasing evidence suggesting that several key reproductive hormones, such as GnRH, gonadotrophins and sex steroids, regulate the growth of normal OSE and ovarian cancer cells. The objective of this review was to highlight the effects of these endocrine factors on ovarian cancer cell growth and to summarize the signalling mechanisms involved in normal human OSE and its neoplastic counterparts.

Key words: GnRH / gonadotrophin / hormonal carcinogenesis and signalling pathway / ovarian cancer / ovarian surface epithelium / steroid

Received on October 19, 2005; revised January 17, 2006; accepted on January 23, 2006


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