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Human Reproduction Update 2007 13(4):405-417; doi:10.1093/humupd/dmm009
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Estrogen and the endometrium: lessons learned from gene expression profiling in rodents and human

P.G. Groothuis1,2,5, H.H.N.M. Dassen1,3, A. Romano1,2 and C. Punyadeera4

1 Research Institute GROW 2 Department of Pathology 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Maastricht/University Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands 4 Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Philips Research, High Tech Campus 11, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands

5 Correspondence address. Department of Pharmacology, Organon Biosciences, Molenstraat 110, Oss, The Netherlands. Tel: +31-412-669874; Fax: +31-412-669874; E-mail. patrick.groothuis{at}organon.com

To date, research into the biological processes and molecular mechanisms associated with endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation has been a focus of attention, whereas the complex events that occur in the human endometrium during the menstrual and proliferative phase under the influence of estrogen have received little attention. The objective of this review is to provide an update of our current understanding of the actions of estrogen on both human and rodent endometrium, with special emphasis on the regulation of uterine growth and cell proliferation, and the value of global gene expression analysis, in increasing understanding of these processes.

Key words: estradiol / endometrium / uterus / gene profiling / proliferation

Received on October 17, 2006; accepted on April 18, 2006


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