Human Reproduction Update, Vol.5, No.5 pp.515-529, 1999
© European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology 1999; all rights reserved
Clinical applications of colour Doppler energy imaging in the female reproductive tract and pregnancy
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the University of Cagliari, Ospedale San Giovanni di Dio, Via Ospedale 46, 09124, Cagliari, Italy 0 Corresponding author Tel: +39 70 6092467 Fax: +39 70 668575 E-mail: gimeli@tin.it
Abstract
This review describes the usefulness of colour Doppler energy (CDE) (or power Doppler) imaging to measure vascularization in the female reproductive tract. CDE imaging is characterized by an increased sensitivity to flow, and thus may be useful in low-flow states and when optimal Doppler angles cannot be obtained. In addition, longer segments of vessels and more individual vessels can be visualized with CDE imaging. The role of CDE imaging in the evaluation of stromal vasculature in normal and in polycystic ovaries is described, and the relationship between follicular vascularity and outcome following in-vitro fertilization are discussed, together with the findings obtained from the evaluation of thecal arteriole of corpus luteum in early pregnancy. The fundamental role of CDE imaging in differentiation among ovarian masses is also reviewed. We summarize the role of CDE imaging in pregnancy, and describe two new applications of three-dimensional power Doppler sonography and the use of ultrasound contrast media. In conclusion, CDE imaging can replace conventional colour Doppler when the information on the direction of flow is not useful. Moreover, the technique appears superior to others for describing microvascular architecture and determining the presence or absence of flow.
Key words: colour Doppler energy (CDE) imaging/echo-contrast agents/ovary/power Doppler/three-dimensional power Doppler sonography
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