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Human Reproduction Update Advance Access published online on November 9, 2005
Human Reproduction Update, doi:10.1093/humupd/dmi048
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received July 29, 2005
Revised September 27, 2005
Accepted October 4, 2005

Article

HLA-G in human reproduction: aspects of genetics, function and pregnancy complications

Thomas Vauvert F. Hviid 1*

1 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet and H:S Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Thomas Vauvert F. Hviid, E-mail: hviid{at}dadlnet.dk


  Abstract

The non-classical human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class Ib genes, HLA-E, -G and -F, are located on chromosome 6 in the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC). HLA class Ib antigens resemble the HLA class Ia antigens in many ways, but several major differences have been described. This review will, in particular, discuss HLA-G and its role in human reproduction and in the human MHC. HLA-G seems to be important in the modulation of the maternal immune system during pregnancy and thereby the maternal acceptance of the semiallogenic fetus. Recent findings regarding aspects of HLA-G polymorphism, the possible significance of this polymorphism in respect to HLA-G function and certain complications of pregnancy (such as pre-eclampsia and recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA)) are dis-cussed together with possible importance to IVF. Finally, aspects of a possible role of HLA-G in organ transplantation and in inflammatory or autoimmune disease, and of HLA-G in an evolutionary context, are also briefly examined.

Keywords: gene expression/immunology/implantation/pregnancy/trophoblasts.
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